Moreover, pesticide contamination moves away from the target plants, resulting in environmental pollution. Pesticides are used to kill pests and control weeds using chemical ingredients hence, they can also be toxic to other organisms, including birds, fish, beneficial insects, and non-target plants, as well as air, water, soil, and crops. Pesticides are classified by different classification terms such as chemical classes, functional groups, modes of action, and toxicity. The history of pesticide use can be divided into three periods of time. The review study indicates that agricultural development has a long history in many places around the world. Thus, it is essential to discuss the agricultural development process the historical perspective, types and specific uses of pesticides and pesticide behavior, its contamination, and adverse effects on the natural environment. Therefore, pesticides play a critical role in reducing diseases and increasing crop yields worldwide. Without the use of pesticides, there would be a 78% loss of fruit production, a 54% loss of vegetable production, and a 32% loss of cereal production. About one-third of agricultural products are produced depending on the application of pesticides. The increase in the world’s population in the 20th century could not have been possible without a parallel increase in food production. They have been used by farmers to control weeds and insects, and their remarkable increases in agricultural products have been reported. Pesticides are indispensable in agricultural production.

6.2.3 gold farming